An evaluation of skin manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Keywords:
acanthosis nigran, dermopathy, tropic ulcerAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy and assumes significance for its ability to adversely affect the various internal organs. The present study was conducted to assess skin manifestations in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Materials & Methods: 108 patients of type II diabetes mellitus of both genders were enrolled. Blood sugar level was determined on venous samples. Urine microscopy, renal function tests, fasting lipid profile, electrocardiogram, 24 h urine protein estimation, and fundoscopy were performed wherever indicated. Results: Out of 108 patients, males were 60 and females were 48. Cutaneous manifestations in type II DM patients was bacterial infection in 12, fungal infection in 10, viral infection in 8, diabetic bullae in 6, dermopathy in 3, tropic ulcer in 2, acanthosis nigran in 7, wet gangrene in 5, peripheral neuropathy in 3 and hirsutism in 2 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Most common cutaneous manifestation in type II diabetes mellitus patients was bacterial infection, fungal infection, viral infection, diabetic bullae, dermopathy, tropic ulcer and acanthosis nigran.
Downloads
References
Blakytny R, Jude EB. Altered molecular mechanisms of diabetic foot ulcers. Int J Low Extremity Wounds. 2009;8(2):95–104.
Obrosova IG. Increased sorbitol pathway activity generates oxidative stress in tissue sites for diabetic complications. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2005;7(11–12):1543–52.
Stern D, Yan SD, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts: a multiligand receptor magnifying cell stress in diverse pathologic settings. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2002;54(12):1615–25.
Hu H, Jiang H, Ren H, Hu X, Wang X, Han C. AGEs and chronic subclinical inflammation in diabetes: disorders of immune system. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015;31(2):127–37.
Gkogkolou P, Bohm M. Advanced glycation end products: key players in skin aging? Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):259–70.
Ko MJ, Chiu HC, Jee SH, Hu FC, Tseng CH. Postprandial blood glucose is associated with generalized pruritus in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(5):688–93.
Stander S, Darsow U, Mettang T, Gieler U, Maurer M, Stander H, et al. S2k guideline—chronic pruritus. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2012;10(Suppl 4):S1–27.
Sun PC, Chen CS, Kuo CD, Lin HD, Chan RC, Kao MJ, et al. Impaired microvascular flow motion in subclinical diabetic feet with sudomotor dysfunction. Microvasc Res. 2012;83(2):243–8.
Seite S, Khemis A, Rougier A, Ortonne JP. Importance of treatment of skin xerosis in diabetes. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(5):607–9.
Roslind S, Muhammed K, Kumar KS. Cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal controls. Journal of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2020 Apr 17;2(1):26-30.
Malini DS, Sahu A, Mohapatro S, Tripathy RM. Assessment of risk factors for development of Type-II diabetes mellitus among working women in Berhampur, Orissa. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine. 2009 Jul;34(3):232.
Azizian Z, Behrangi E, Hasheminasabzavareh R, Kazemlo H, Esmaeeli R, Hassani P. Prevalence study of dermatologic manifestations among diabetic patients. Advances in preventive medicine. 2019 Jul 1;2019.
Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Latha E, Vijay V, Viswanathan M. Rising prevalence of NIDDM in urban population of India. Diabetologia. 1997;40:232–7.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
